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When we travel to Indonesia, especially to Java, it is difficult to avoid batik Indonesia. Java is a place where the batik industry is growing well. There are several popular areas as batik centers, such as Pekalongan, Jogjakarta, Solo, Cirebon and West Java and East Java. Each region recognizes different designs. In Cirebon for example, batik from the region is strongly influenced by coastal culture. Batik Cirebon is popular as "pesisiran", which introduces sky and water as the main pattern. Jogjakarta and Solo are different from Cirebon because their pattern is strongly influenced by the courts. Batik from Yogyakarta and Solo has a more complicated pattern. Most of the objects brought are flowers, leaves and animals. In the late 70s, Solo area was the center of batik dress. The area has a special area called Lawean, the area where most modern batik fashion workshops run their operations. Now, the industry has spread all over the region in Solo along with the popularity of batik dresses to the Western world.
Although there are many types of batik models, in general the design of modern batik is divided into 2 types: geometric design and Non geometric design or free. Certain designs originating from the northern coast of Java, mainly from Pekalongan and Cirebon, are known for the influence of Chinese culture and cloud motifs in their significant history of designs.A development of the batik clothing model is the Battle of Diponegoro in 1825-1830 which urges many Mataram royal officials to abandon Mataram and moved to other areas in Java, to Surabaya, Madura, Banyumas, Pekalongan, etc. They carry and distributed batik culture as well. Then the Batik industry has increased faster during the struggle for Indonesian independence. The Netherlands also has a role as a batik disperser mostly to Europe.
Based on the techniques in making batik, there are five types of batik:
Batik tulis (hand made batik)
Combination of batik (combination of hand made and batik cap)
Batik cap (batik cap)
Batik print (batik cap).
Batik pull (combination of hand made and batik cap).
Among those kinds of batik, batik hand making is the most appreciated for its complexity and exclusivity in design and in manufacture.
